Rubric: For NASA RESEARCH

1. ALL Typed:
2. 2 paragraphs

• include what they hope to accomplish
• what is the name of the mission
• where is the satalite or object located
• if you can find it how much did it cost
• other intersting facts

3. include 2 pictures-minimum and explain briefly their significane 
4. cite your sources
5. ask questions

Big Bang Do Now

Do Now:  What do you know about the big bang?


After watching  How the Universe Works - Big Bang, how has your knowledge changed?

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/universe/historysans.html

half life lab

http://mjksciteachingideas.com/pdf/HalfLifeLab.pdf

Big Bang: What Happened When.

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/universe/historywave.html
Great Web Link for The Story of the Big Bang

• The Planck time: 10^-43 seconds. After this time gravity can be considered to be a classical background in which particles and fields evolve following quantum mechanics. A region about 10^-33 cm across is homogeneous and isotropic, The temperature is T=10³²K.
• Inflation begins. In Linde's chaotic inflation model inflation starts at the Planck time, although it could start when the temperature falls to point at which the symmetry of Grand Unified Theory (GUT) is spontaneously broken. This occurs when the temperature is around 10²⁷ to 10²⁸K at 10^-35 seconds after the Big Bang.
• Inflation ends. The time is 10^-33 seconds, the temperature is again 10²⁷ to 10²⁸K as the vacuum energy density that drove inflation is converted into heat. At the end of inflation the expansion rate is so fast that the apparent age of the Universe [1/H] is only 10^-35 seconds. Because of inflation, the homogeneous regions from the Planck time are at least 100 cm across, a growth by a factor greater than 10³⁵ since the Planck time. However, quantum fluctuations during inflation also create a pattern of low amplitude inhomogeneities with a random pattern having equal power on all scales.
• Baryogenesis: a small difference between the reaction rates for matter and antimatter leads to a mix with about 100,000,001 protons for every 100,000,000 antiprotons (and 100,000,000 photons).
• Universe grows and cools until 0.0001 seconds after the Big Bang with temperature about T=10¹³ K. Antiprotons annihilate with protons leaving only matter, but with a very large number of photons per surviving proton and neutron.
• Universe grows and cools until 1 second after the Big Bang, with temperature T=10¹⁰ K. The weak interaction freezes out with a proton/neutron ratio of about 6. The homogeneous patch is now at least 10^19.5 cm across.
• Universe grows and cools until 100 seconds after the Big Bang. The temperature is 1 billion degrees, 10⁹ K. Electrons and positrons annihilate to make more photons, while protons and neutrons combine to make deuterons. Almost all of the deuterons combine to make helium. The final result is about 3/4 hydrogen, 1/4 helium by mass; deuteron/proton ratio 30 parts per million. There are about 2 billion photons per proton or neutron.
• One month after the Big Bang the processes that convert the radiation field to a blackbody spectrum become slower than the expansion of the Universe, so the spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) preserves information back to this time.
• Matter density equals radiation density 56,000 years after the Big Bang. The temperature is 9000 K. Dark matter inhomogeneities can start to collapse.
• Protons and electrons combine to form neutral hydrogen. Universe becomes transparent. Temperature is T=3000 K, time is 380,000 years after the Big Bang. Ordinary matter can now fall into the dark matter clumps. The CMB travels freely from this time until now, so the CMB anisotropy gives a picture of the Universe at this time.
• The first stars form 100-200 million years after the Big Bang, and reionize the Universe.
• The first supernovae explode and spread carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, silicon, magnesium, iron, and so on up through uranium throughout the Universe.
• Galaxies form as many clumps of dark matter, stars and gas merge together.
• Clusters of galaxies form.
• The Solar System and Sun form 4.6 billion years ago.
• Now: The time is 13.7 Gyr after the Big Bang, and the temperature is T=2.725 K. The homogeneous patch is at least 10²⁹ cm across, which is larger than observable Universe.

A Star is Born

Do Now:  What is the difference between a moon and a planet?  What is the difference between revolution and rotation?

Balloon Lab

In your lab notebook write down your hypotheses for the following experiment.

After rubbing a balloon against your hair or a paper towel for 30 seconds what will happen


1) if you place the balloon near water?


2) you place the balloon near another balloon?


3) if you place the balloon near a fluorescent light?

4) what works best to charge a balloon?

5) When done go to the computer lab and research what is static electricity.

In your lab notebook record diagrams of your observations.

Honors: Quarks

Do Now_________

IF elements are made of atoms and atoms are made from protons, neutrons and electrons then what are protons, neutrons and electons made from? 
Click for answer.


The Standard Model

study guide for Chapter 12

study guide for test on Chapter 12 - Monday

-First and foremost understand all the vocabulary.

-use the practice test in the book at the end of the chapter

- understand what causes the type and properties of matter to change is the number of subatomic particles and the way they interact.

Explain what the cathode ray experiment helped prove

Explain what the gold foil experiment helped prove- and explain why the particles went through the gold foil.

What is an electron cloud?

-know how to draw any isotope

examples

C-14

C-15

C-10

etc

- know how to draw any ion

He¹⁺  He²⁺  He^3-  He^4-

know how to draw isotope - ion combinations

for example: Oxygen – 15 ²⁺   or Cl – 40 ³⁺

know the size of an atom, size of the nucleus, mass of a proton, mass of a neutron, mass of an electron in scientific notation

d, g period - know scientific notation problems

know what role the strong force plays in radioactive dcecay

know why strong force decreases in usefulness as the size of the nucleus increases

honors: know the difference between alpha, beta and gamma -

honors: describe half-life and its uses

honors: other

the Moon

Answer one of the following.

Do Now: Would you like to visit the moon, why or why not?

or

Do you believe we will have a lunar colony in your lifetime?  Why or why not?

Do Now:Strong Force:

Do Now #_____ What is the strong force and why don't you think it holds the nucleus of larger atoms together as well as smaller atoms?




This video has a nice explanation of why the strong force can't hold larger atoms together as well as smaller atoms hence causing radioactive elements. Watch from 3:49 seconds on or just watch the whole thing.

Half Life - From Wikipedia -

Good Links
Click Here

or here
In general, the half-life of a nuclide depends solely on its nuclear properties; it is not affected by external factors such as temperature, pressure, chemical environment, or presence of a magnetic or electric field.[3][4][5] (For some nuclides which decay by the process of electron capture, such as beryllium-7, strontium-85, and zirconium-89, the decay rate may be slightly affected by local electron density, therefore these isotopes may not be as suitable for radiometric dating.) But in general, the half-life of any nuclide is essentially a constant. Therefore, in any material containing a radioactive nuclide, the proportion of the original nuclide to its decay product(s) changes in a predictable way as the original nuclide decays over time. This predictability allows the relative abundances of related nuclides to be used as a clock to measure the time from the incorporation of the original nuclide(s) into a material to the present.

IONS

Do Now# _____ Define Ion and then draw an ion of helium. Clearly label your protons, neutrons and electrons.

Do Now # ___

Define: Atomic number, mass number and isotope and then draw an isotope of Carbon. (Clearly label your protons, neutrons and electrons.)

Stephen Hawkings - Aliens - Into the Universe

Chapter 12 vocabulary

Atoms

Model

Theory

Nucleus

Electrons

Electron cloud

Protons,

atomoic mass unit (amu)

Nuetrons

Atomic number

Isotopes

Mass number

Atomic mass

Forces in atoms

·         Gravity

·         Electromagnetic force

·         Strong force

·         Weak force

Vocabulary for quiz on Monday

• element
• pure substance
• metal
• metaloid
• nonmetal
• compound
• mixture
• conductor
• thermal and electrical conductivity
• malleable
• ductile
• brittle
• law of definite proportions (pg 86)
• chemical properties
• physical properties
• chemical change
• physical change

this unit assumes a mastery of vocab from previous unit on physical characteristics: density, solubility, conductivity, etc.

List of Blogs

Dear Students,

I would like a link for each of your blogs.  Please comment with the web address of your blog.

Thanks.

Mr. Sneideman

Chemical Hazards

The human race is now polluted with thousands of industrial chemicals - with little or often no understanding of the consequences.  Many times chemicals are recalled after decades of use.  In fact, babies are born with as many as 300 industrial chemicals in their bodies when they enter the world.  Lets learn more as a class so we can be informed citizens and consumers.


Go to this web address and read and explore for 20 minutes.  Come to class with an idea of which category you would like to study.

http://watoxics.org/chemicals-of-concern 

Chemicals of concern specific to children's toys
http://www.healthystuff.org/departments/toys/chemicals.introduction.php



Washington Toxics Coalition - lots of good links.
http://watoxics.org/about

US GOVERNMENT WEBSITE ON WATER POLUTION

http://water.usgs.gov/

Links for Pesticides

http://www.pesticideinfo.org/Index.html

http://www.pesticideinfo.org/airpic/ap_step1.jsp

http://www.panna.org/science/myths

http://www.pesticideinfo.org/Docs/ref_help1.html

plastics 101 –

http://watoxics.org/healthy-living/healthy-families/safe-start-for-kids-1/plastics-101

Teflon and Gore-Tex
http://www.ewg.org/reports/pfcworld

Links to for chemicals and children's health.
http://www.ewg.org/childrenshealth
http://www.healthystuff.org/departments/toys/


Flame Retardants
 http://www.cleanproduction.org/Flame.About.php 

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Rubric - Chemical Blog Project

Name _______________________   Partner____________________         Blog Grading Sheet

Blog Design Criteria	Evidence	Pts	Comments
At least 2 pages
Apropriate titles
Have at least 3 entries on main page
Grammatically correct
Includes a link to the class wiki
Embed 2 videos appropriate to the topic
Insert pictures minimum 3
Include a survey question with a date till December 1st
Remove unnecessary gadgets  - (followers and about me)
You include links to websites that have useful information (minimum 3) and a Link to class blog
Special instructions from Mr. Sneideman
CONTENT	Evidence	Pts	Comments
Why you chose your particular chemical/group
What you learned each day of the project
What is your chemical group used for? Explain how it is applied, created and distributed.
How does your chemical group affect human growth and or development: (What are the effects on human health?)
Is it cancerous (carcinogen)? If so at what level?
How toxic is it?  What is its toxicity?
What steps consumers can take to protect themselves – explain how the steps help…
Where one can go to find info on the safety of chemicals/products with links.
Compound or Element?  How is it made?
Vocab: I want to see (10) science vocab words bolded and defined.  When you encounter words you do not understand, dig deeper!

Recent Do Now's

Is air a mixture or a compound?  Explain.
Under what process can compounds be seperated?  What is the end result?
How do we know if something is a metal?
How do we know if something is a compound or element?

Compounds and Mixtures Do Now # ____

Do Now # ____
Is the air we breathe a compound or mixture?  How can we know?

Additional Vocabulary on Physical Change

• melting
• freezing
• condensation
• evaporation
• vaporization
• sublimation
• plasmafication
• Boyle's Law
• Charles's Law
• Heat
• endothermic
• exothermic
• freezing point
• melting pt.
• condensation pt
• vaporization pt.
• CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTY
• heat
• temperature

Why does that happen? Do Now # 11

Do Now #11?  Why do our ski goggles or car windshield gets foggy, drinks sweat, ice forms on the outside of our windows when it hasn't rained, and why do clouds form?






http://www.ptable.com/

States of Matter Game

Play the game, to practice sorting plasmas.  Let me know your high score. Click HERE

How does temperature and pressure affect the state of matter?  Click Here

Bose Einstein Condensate - 0 Degrees Kelvin - Zero Energy

OK Zach, Bend your mind around this. not really the same thing but here is a video about liquid metal that is mind blowing.

Vocabulary

Do Now #11. What is your best method for learning new vocabulary?

• solubility
• solute
• solvent
• concentration
• dilute
• dissolve
• solution
• mixture
• chemical property
• physical property
• malleability
• ductility
• funkychicken
• thermal conductivity
• reactivity with
• flammability
• state of matter
• plasma, another plasma link
• define gas
• define liquid
• define solid
• define phase change
• thermal energy
• heat
• temperature
• vaporization
• condensation
• freezing
• melting
• sublimation