Study Guide

Study Guide for Test on Chapter 17 and 18

• Know the vocab
  
• Study the Do Nows
  
• Review all the homework questions – section reviews
  
• Practice the chapter tests at end of chapter 17 and 18
  

 

Understand: sunrise, sunset, moonrise, moonset,

Be able to draw both types of eclipse

New Vocab:

Latitude

Longitude

Prime Meridian

Equator

Tropic of Cancer

Tropic of Capricorn

Arctic Circle

Oort Cloud

Kuiper Belt

 

Identify key ideas about the planets:

What is unique about venus's atmosphere?

What is unique about certain Jovian Moons?

Know the order of the planets.

Which planet has a strange tilt to its axis of rotation?

Why do the periods of revolution increase away from the sun but not the period of rotation?

Big Bang

What is the big bang? Explain its meaning and significance-

What happened right after the big bang? Can anything travel faster than the speed of light?

What is the speed of light? What is a light year?

Explain theory for the formation of our solar system and the formation of our moon.

 

Honors:

Be able to do black hole math for radius of a black hole

Be able to calculate using speed of light and AU

What is a black hole and what are the unique characteristics of them? How many are there out there in space? Can black holes combine? What is a supermassive black hole? How big would the black hole be made by something with the mass of our Sun, our Earth, or a 100 Kg human?

Vocabulary Chapter 17 and 18

Chapter

Vocabulary

17.1

Nebula – nebulae

Solar system

Solar nebula

Planetesimals

Rotation

Revolution

Orbit

Period of revolution

Period of rotation

Keplers 1^st law of motion

Kepler’s 2^nd law of motion

Kepler’s 3^rd law of motion

Gravity (what happens when the distance increases between objects)

18.1 and 18.2

Astronomical unit (au)

Terrestrial planets

Prograde rotation

Retrograde rotation

Gas giant

Outer planets

Solar eclipse

Lunar eclipse

18.3

Comet

Asteroid

Asteroid belt

Meteoroid

Meteorite

meteor

Aphelion

Perihelion

Chapter 19  We will have a separate test on Chapter 19.

China's Current Moon Mission

Solar System Exploration: Missions: By Target: Moon: Present: Chang'e 2

Solar System Exploration: Missions: By Target: Moon: Future: LADEE

Solar System Exploration: Missions: By Target: Moon: Future: LADEE

Solar System NASA website. Great

http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/index.cfm

MOONKAM Mission Page for non members.

http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/grail/overview/index.html

Mission Overview

 

Artist's concept of the GRAIL mission. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
The GRAIL mission will place two spacecraft into the same orbit around the Moon. As they fly over areas of greater and lesser gravity, caused both by visible features such as mountains and craters and by masses hidden beneath the lunar surface, they will move slightly toward and away from each other. An instrument aboard each spacecraft will measure the changes in their relative velocity very precisely, and scientists will translate this information into a high-resolution map of the Moon's gravitational field.

This gravity-measuring technique is essentially the same as that of the Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE), which has been mapping Earth's gravity since 2002.


Objectives

GRAIL's engineering objectives are to enable the science objectives of mapping lunar gravity and using that information to increase understanding of the Moon's interior and thermal history. Getting the two spacecraft where they need to be, when they need to be there, requires an extremely challenging set of maneuvers never before carried out in solar system exploration missions. Mission design


The two GRAIL spacecraft will be launched together and then will fly similar but separate trajectories to the Moon after separation from the launch vehicle, taking about 3 to 4 months to get there. They will spend about 2 months reshaping and merging their orbits until one spacecraft is following the other in the same low-altitude, near-circular, near-polar orbit, and they begin formation-flying. The next 82 days will constitute the science phase, during which the spacecraft will map the Moon's gravitational field.


Spacecraft and payload


The two GRAIL spacecraft are near-twins, each about the size of a washing machine, with minor differences resulting from the need for one specific spacecraft (GRAIL-A) to follow the other (GRAIL-B) as they circle the Moon.


The science payload on each spacecraft is the Lunar Gravity Ranging System, which will measure changes in the distance between the two spacecraft down to a few microns -- about the diameter of a red blood cell. Each spacecraft will also carry a set of cameras for MoonKAM, marking the first time a NASA planetary mission has carried instruments expressly for an education and public outreach project.

The Largest Black Holes

Great Video, Thanks to Tyler B.  There is also a series of more videos that are really good.

Check it out.